The working principle of a gasoline engine is mainly based on the four-stroke cycle, which is intake, compression, combustion (power) and exhaust. The specific process is as follows:
Intake stroke. The piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead center driven by the crankshaft. At this time, the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, and fresh air (mainly composed of a mixture of air and gasoline) is sucked into the cylinder.
Compression stroke. The piston moves from bottom dead center to top dead center. At this time, both the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the mixed gas in the cylinder is compressed, and the temperature and pressure increase.
Combustion (power) stroke. When the compression stroke is close to the top dead center, the spark plug generates an electric spark, igniting the compressed mixed gas. The combustion process causes the gas to expand rapidly, generating high temperature and high pressure, pushing the piston to move to the bottom dead center.
exhaust stroke. The piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead center, the exhaust valve opens, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder driven by the piston.
In this process, the crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion, thereby driving the connecting rod and other related mechanical work. In addition, the engine also needs a lubrication system to reduce friction, a cooling system to control temperature, and an ignition system to ignite the mixture.
